Yin Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Turban (jīn) Kangxi Strokes: 15 Page 336, Entry 21 Pronounced chi. Shuowen Jiezi (Dictionary of Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters): A type of banner or flag. Guangyun (Broad Rhymes): A flag or banner. Zigu (Investigation of Characters): A mark or sign. Guangya (Expanded Encyclopedia): A streamer or pennant. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji): All flags and banners were red. History of the Former Han (Qian Hanshu): They pulled down the Zhao banners and raised the red banners of the Han. Note: The Suoyin commentary says: A flag is a piece of silk, one zhang and five feet long, with a width of half a bolt of cloth. Also used interchangeably with the character pronounced zhi. History of the Former Han (Qian Hanshu): They constructed tower ships over ten zhang long and added flags upon them. Note: Shigu comments: The word is read as chi. Also means to mark or signify. History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): He used colorful thread to sew a mark onto the hem of his garment. Note: Chi means a mark. Pronounced zhi. Pronounced shi. The meaning is the same.